peptideInjectableNot FDA-approvedResearch chemicalProhibited in sport (WADA S2)
TB-500Benefits, Dosage & Interactions
Also known as: thymosin beta-4
TB-500 is a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring protein present in virtually all human and animal cells. Research on TB-500 focuses on tissue recovery. TB-500 is administered by injection rather than orally. TB-500 is a controlled substance in some jurisdictions.
How much TB-500 do people take?
No published human dose-finding trial for TB-500 itself; the reviewed work is on thymosin β4 in animal and early clinical wound models. Route reported: Subcutaneous or intramuscular in unpublished practice; parenteral or topical in the research literature. Frequency reported: No established human protocol. These are amounts documented in the cited studies and labels for TB-500 — they are reported for reference, not a recommendation. Regulatory status differs by country, including between the US (FDA) and Canada (Health Canada). Confirm any amount with a licensed clinician before you take it.
See the full reported protocol and its sourcesResearched by DoseRoutine Research TeamReviewed for accuracy by Nicholas Alexander, RSE, SO, PMPLast updated Educational reference only — not medical advice. Always confirm dosing and safety decisions with a licensed clinician.
Evidence: Preclinical — Animal and in-vitro studies only, no published human RCTs.
Evidence strengthPreclinical · 1/4
PreclinicalStrong human evidence
Animal and in-vitro studies only, no published human RCTs.
Plasma half-life
Not established in humans
Default unit
mcg
What published protocols report
Ranges documented in the literature, shown for reference. DoseRoutine does not recommend an amount — your prescriber or the product label sets the dose.
- Reported amounts
- No published human dose-finding trial for TB-500 itself; the reviewed work is on thymosin β4 in animal and early clinical wound models[1]
- Route studied
- Subcutaneous or intramuscular in unpublished practice; parenteral or topical in the research literature[1]
- Frequency
- No established human protocol[1]
- Cycle length
- No established human protocol[1]
- Half-life
- Not established in humans[1]
- Storage
- Lyophilized peptide refrigerated and protected from light[1]
Worked example: a 5 mg vial reconstituted with 2 ml of bacteriostatic water gives 2.5 mg/ml, so a 2500 mcg amount measures 100 units on a U-100 syringe. Open this in the reconstitution calculator.
Reported for TB-500 in the cited sources. Published ranges are not dosing advice.
Mixing TB-500: bacteriostatic water and syringe units
The vial arrives as dry powder. How much water you add sets the strength, and the strength sets the mark you draw to on the syringe. The table assumes a 5 mg vial and a 500 mcg example draw on a U-100 insulin syringe, where 100 units is one millilitre. If your vial is a different size, scale it — the arithmetic is the same.
| Bacteriostatic water added | Resulting strength | 500 mcg draws to |
|---|---|---|
| 1 mL | 5 mg/mL | 10 units |
| 2 mL | 2.5 mg/mL | 20 units |
| 3 mL | 1.67 mg/mL | 30 units |
Units, not millilitres. Insulin syringes are marked in units, and mixing up mcg and mg on a peptide label is the single most common error people report. Check the label twice. Run your own vial through the calculator.
Storage and stability
- Before mixing
- Sealed and still as a dry powder, TB-500 vials are normally kept in the fridge at 2–8 °C, out of light. Short spells at room temperature during shipping are the norm for lyophilized peptides and are not, on their own, a sign the vial is spoiled.
- After mixing
- Once bacteriostatic water goes in, the vial belongs in the fridge and is generally treated as good for about 28 days — that is how long the benzyl alcohol in bacteriostatic water is relied on to hold back bacterial growth. Plain sterile water has no preservative, so a vial mixed with it is a single-session vial. Never freeze a reconstituted vial.
- When to throw it out
- A properly mixed vial is clear. Cloudiness, floating strands, a color change or powder that will not go into solution after gentle swirling all mean the vial should be discarded rather than used. Shaking a peptide vial hard is the usual cause — swirl it, or run the water down the inside wall of the vial instead of onto the powder.
Handling and shelf-life figures describe general practice for lyophilized peptides. They are not a dose and not medical advice — your prescriber or the product label sets the amount.
References & evidence
Documents the TB-500 entry is written from. Each number matches an inline marker above.
- [1]Thymosin β4 and Actin: Binding Modes, Biological Functions and Clinical ApplicationsXing Y, Ye Y, Zuo H, Li Y · Current Protein & Peptide Science · 2023 · Peer-reviewed · PMID 36464872
References & Evidence
Sources on this page that document TB-500 dosing, timing and safety.
- [1]National Center for Biotechnology Information View source
Educational information only — not medical advice. Dose ranges vary by person, indication and prescriber.
What is TB-500 studied for?
What is TB-500?Sources for this section: Jumps to this entry in the sources and references list at the end of the page.
TB-500 is a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring protein present in virtually all human and animal cells. Tβ4 is involved in various biological processes, including cell migration, angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), actin regulation, and anti-inflammatory responses. TB-500 is often studied for its potential roles in tissue repair and regeneration across different physiological systems. The exact mechanism of action is complex and continues to be an area of active research. It is known to influence the actin cytoskeleton, a critical component of cell structure and movement, which in turn impacts cell migration and differentiation. Research on TB-500 is primarily in preclinical stages, with limited human clinical trials. (Source: PubChem, DrugBank)
What does the research say about TB-500?
Tap a section to expand.
The primary mechanism of action for TB-500 is believed to be its ability to regulate actin, a protein crucial for cell structure, movement, and function. Tβ4, the parent compound of TB-500, binds to globular actin (G-actin) monomers, preventing them from polymerizing into filamentous actin (F-actin). This regulation of actin dynamics promotes cell migration and differentiation, which are fundamental processes in wound healing and tissue regeneration. TB-500 has also been observed to promote angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, by encouraging endothelial cell migration and differentiation. Furthermore, research suggests that TB-500 may exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating cytokine production and inhibiting NF-κB activation, a key regulator of immune responses. These combined mechanisms contribute to its potential for tissue repair, wound healing, and reducing inflammation. (Source: PubChem, DrugBank)
Source for this section: Sources for How does TB-500 work?: Jumps to this entry in the sources and references list at the end of the page.
Research into TB-500 has explored several potential benefits, primarily centered around its roles in tissue repair, regeneration, and anti-inflammatory processes.
* **Wound Healing and Tissue Repair:** Studies have investigated TB-500's capacity to accelerate the healing of various tissues, including skin, muscle, and tendons. This is thought to be mediated by its ability to promote cell migration, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Preclinical models have shown improved wound closure and enhanced recovery from injury. (Source: PubChem)
* **Cardiovascular Health:** Some research suggests potential cardioprotective effects, including improved cardiac function following injury and promotion of angiogenesis in damaged heart tissue. This area requires more extensive investigation. (Source: DrugBank)
* **Anti-inflammatory Effects:** TB-500 has been observed to possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially by modulating the immune response and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This could contribute to its overall regenerative benefits. (Source: DrugBank)
* **Neuroprotection:** Emerging preclinical data indicates a possible role in neuroprotection and neurogenesis, with potential implications for recovery from neurological injuries, although this is a highly speculative area needing substantial further research. (Source: PubChem)
The evidence supporting the benefits of TB-500 is primarily derived from preclinical studies conducted in laboratory settings and animal models. While these studies provide insights into its potential mechanisms and effects, they do not directly translate to human efficacy or safety.
For example, studies in various animal models have demonstrated TB-500's ability to enhance wound healing, reduce inflammation, and promote cardiac and neurological recovery. These findings are often cited in discussions of the compound. However, human clinical trials for TB-500 are limited, and rigorous, large-scale studies required to establish its efficacy and safety in human populations are largely absent or ongoing. Therefore, while preclinical evidence is promising, it is premature to draw definitive conclusions about its therapeutic utility in humans. Regulatory bodies such as the FDA have not approved TB-500 for any medical use, reflecting the lack of comprehensive human clinical data. (Source: PubChem, DrugBank)
As TB-500 is not an FDA-approved compound for medical use, comprehensive data on its side effects in humans are limited. Information available from preclinical studies and anecdotal reports suggests potential side effects, but these are not systematically documented or verified.
* **Injection Site Reactions:** As an injectable peptide, local reactions such as pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site are possible. This is common with many injectable substances.
* **Headache:** Some users have anecdotally reported experiencing headaches.
* **Lethargy or Fatigue:** A feeling of general tiredness or lack of energy has been anecdotally reported.
* **Nausea:** Gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, is sometimes mentioned.
It is crucial to understand that without extensive human clinical trials, the full spectrum and incidence of potential side effects, both common and rare, remain unknown. Long-term safety data are particularly lacking. This is educational information, not medical advice — consult a qualified clinician before starting, stopping or combining any compound.
There are significant warnings associated with TB-500 due to its status as an investigational compound not approved for human medical use by regulatory bodies like the FDA. Individuals considering TB-500 should be aware of the following:
* **Lack of Regulatory Approval:** TB-500 is not approved by the FDA or equivalent international bodies for any medical condition. This means its safety, efficacy, and quality are not assured for human use.
* **Limited Human Data:** The vast majority of research on TB-500 is preclinical (in vitro or animal studies). There is a significant lack of robust, peer-reviewed human clinical trials to establish its safety and effectiveness in people.
* **Unknown Long-Term Effects:** Due to the absence of long-term human studies, the potential for chronic side effects, interactions, or adverse health outcomes over extended periods is unknown.
* **Purity and Quality Concerns:** When sourcing unapproved compounds, there is no guarantee of product purity, concentration, or freedom from contaminants. This poses substantial health risks.
* **Potential for Undesired Biological Effects:** As a peptide that influences fundamental cellular processes, there is a theoretical risk of unintended or undesirable biological effects, especially with prolonged use or in individuals with underlying health conditions.
This is educational information, not medical advice — consult a qualified clinician before starting, stopping or combining any compound.
Given the lack of comprehensive human clinical data and regulatory approval for TB-500, specific contraindications have not been definitively established through rigorous clinical trials. However, based on its biological activity and general medical principles, certain situations warrant extreme caution or avoidance:
* **Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:** Due to unknown effects on fetal development and infant health, TB-500 should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
* **Cancer or Predisposition to Cancer:** Because TB-500 is involved in cell proliferation and angiogenesis, there is a theoretical concern that it could potentially promote tumor growth or metastasis. Individuals with cancer, a history of cancer, or a strong family history of cancer should avoid its use.
* **Autoimmune Conditions:** Given its potential to modulate immune responses, individuals with autoimmune diseases should exercise extreme caution, as the effects are unpredictable and could potentially exacerbate their condition.
* **Organ Transplant Recipients:** Individuals receiving immunosuppressants for organ transplantation should avoid TB-500 due to potential interactions or unintended immune modulation.
* **Children and Adolescents:** Due to the lack of safety data and potential effects on growth and development, TB-500 is contraindicated in pediatric populations.
* **Any Serious Medical Condition:** Individuals with poorly controlled or serious medical conditions should avoid TB-500 due to the unknown risks and potential for adverse interactions.
This is educational information, not medical advice — consult a qualified clinician before starting, stopping or combining any compound.
Due to the limited human research and lack of regulatory approval for TB-500, specific interactions with other medications, supplements, or compounds have not been systematically studied or documented. Therefore, combinations should be approached with extreme caution, as unforeseen interactions are possible.
* **Immunosuppressants:** Given that TB-500 may have immunomodulatory effects, combining it with immunosuppressive drugs could lead to unpredictable interactions, potentially compromising the efficacy of the immunosuppressant or leading to adverse immune responses.
* **Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy:** Due to its potential influence on cell proliferation and angiogenesis, combining TB-500 with cancer treatments like chemotherapy or radiation could theoretically interfere with their therapeutic effects or have unintended pro-tumorigenic consequences.
* **Blood Thinners (Anticoagulants/Antiplatelets):** Although not directly studied, any compound affecting vascular processes or inflammation could theoretically interact with blood thinners. Caution is advised.
* **Any Prescription Medication:** As a general principle for unapproved investigational compounds, combining TB-500 with any prescription medication is not recommended without explicit medical guidance, due to the unknown potential for pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions.
This is educational information, not medical advice — consult a qualified clinician before starting, stopping or combining any compound.
TB-500 is a controlled compound, and its dose is user-directed and must be set by a licensed clinician. Instructions regarding administration frequency and timing (e.g., daily, twice weekly, etc.) that have been explored in research settings are specific to the study protocols and do not constitute recommendations for general use. In preclinical studies, administration often involves subcutaneous injection; however, specific timing relative to meals or other activities is generally not discussed as a critical factor influencing its efficacy, primarily because its action is thought to be systemic over a period rather than acutely dependent on real-time physiological states like digestion. Always follow precise instructions from a licensed clinician.
Source for this section: Sources for When should you take TB-500?: Jumps to this entry in the sources and references list at the end of the page.
Put it into practice
Reading about TB-500 is the first step — DoseRoutine helps you act on it. These free tools turn what you just learned into a routine.
What interacts with TB-500?
| Interacts with | Severity | Type | What happens | What to do |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any peptide + hormone | Note | Category ruleConfidence: theoretical | Injectable peptides plus hormones can have overlapping or compounding effects that aren't always well characterized.Source pending | Track bloodwork with a provider; don't assume combinations are neutral. |
Frequently asked questions about TB-500
TB-500 is a synthetic peptide based on thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring protein involved in various cellular processes like cell migration, angiogenesis, and inflammation regulation. It is studied for its potential in tissue repair and regeneration. (Source: PubChem)
No, TB-500 is not approved by regulatory bodies like the FDA for any medical use in humans. It remains an investigational compound, primarily studied in preclinical research. (Source: DrugBank)
Preclinical research suggests potential benefits in wound healing, tissue repair (e.g., muscle, tendon, skin), anti-inflammatory effects, and possibly cardiovascular and neuroprotective roles. However, these benefits have not been established in human clinical trials. (Source: PubChem)
Due to the lack of comprehensive human clinical trials, the full spectrum of side effects is unknown. Anecdotal reports and preclinical data suggest potential for injection site reactions, headache, fatigue, or nausea. (Source: DoseRoutine Content Team)
There is no systematic data on interactions between TB-500 and other medications or supplements. Given its investigational status, mixing it with any other compound is strongly discouraged without explicit medical guidance due to unknown risks. (Source: DoseRoutine Content Team)
As a peptide, TB-500 can overlap with other supplements, prescription medicines, hormones and peptides. Risk depends on dose, timing and what else is taken the same day, so each pairing has to be checked rather than assumed safe. The free checker at https://doseroutine.com/interaction-checker covers TB-500 with no sign-up.
TB-500 is administered by injection, so the measured volume — not a tablet count — is the unit that matters. It is a controlled substance in some jurisdictions, so the prescribed amount is the only appropriate one. Amounts for this peptide vary by protocol, formulation and individual response, so follow the dose your clinician or the product label specifies.
Whether TB-500 fits alongside testosterone replacement therapy depends on the protocol — dose, ester and ancillaries such as HCG or anastrozole — and on current bloodwork. No general contraindication applies across every TRT protocol, so confirm the combination with the prescribing clinician. See the free TRT interaction reference: https://doseroutine.com/trt-supplement-interactions
"Peptides" is not one category — healing peptides, GLP-1 agonists, growth-hormone secretagogues and melanocortins each behave differently next to TB-500. Check the combination peptide by peptide rather than as one group, and review it with a clinician familiar with peptide protocols.
Published frequency for TB-500 varies by protocol and formulation, so the label or prescription is what sets it. Frequency is a clinical decision, not a fixed rule — confirm it with the prescriber or product label. Comparison of apps that keep a schedule like this: https://doseroutine.com/best-dose-tracking-apps
The effect of a missed dose of TB-500 depends on the protocol and formulation you are on. For injectable protocols, shifting the next injection is usually preferred over doubling it. Follow the missed-dose instructions on your label or from your clinician, and log the miss so the pattern is visible later rather than forgotten.
For an injectable like TB-500 the record needs more than a checkbox: vial concentration, the measured volume, and which site the last injection went into. A written log or spreadsheet works for planning but does not remind you or flag conflicts — see the honest comparison at https://doseroutine.com/vs/spreadsheet and the wider roundup at https://doseroutine.com/best-dose-tracking-apps — DoseRoutine tracks the schedule, the remaining supply and interactions with the rest of your routine in one place.
No published human dose-finding trial for TB-500 itself; the reviewed work is on thymosin β4 in animal and early clinical wound models. Route reported: Subcutaneous or intramuscular in unpublished practice; parenteral or topical in the research literature. Frequency reported: No established human protocol. These are amounts documented in the cited studies and labels for TB-500 — they are reported for reference, not a recommendation. Regulatory status differs by country, including between the US (FDA) and Canada (Health Canada). Confirm any amount with a licensed clinician before you take it.
Sources cited on this page
Specific documents referenced by the numbered markers above. Each number matches the marker in the text.
- PubChem CID 62707662(opens in a new tab)National Center for Biotechnology Information · pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/62707662
Verify at
Publisher search links for TB-500. These are places to check the information — they are not citations, so they are not numbered.
- DrugBank(publisher search, opens in a new tab)DrugBank Online · publisher search
- PubMed literature search(publisher search, opens in a new tab)National Library of Medicine · publisher search
- DailyMed labeling archive(publisher search, opens in a new tab)U.S. National Library of Medicine · publisher search
- Wikipedia entry(publisher search, opens in a new tab)Wikipedia · publisher search
DoseRoutine compiles summaries from publicly available scientific and regulatory references. Always verify important decisions with a licensed clinician. How we source and review this information.
What is the short answer on TB-500?
Plain-text summary, safe to quote verbatim:
TB-500 is a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring protein present in virtually all human and animal cells. Research on TB-500 focuses on tissue recovery. TB-500 is administered by injection rather than orally. TB-500 is a controlled substance in some jurisdictions.
Source: DoseRoutine — https://doseroutine.com/library/tb-500
TB-500 cheat sheet
DoseRoutine cheat sheet · Peptide
TB-500
TB-500 is a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring protein present in virtually all human and animal cells.
Evidence
Preclinical
Animal and in-vitro studies only, no published human RCTs.
Studied range
No published human dose-finding trial for TB-500 itself; the reviewed work is on thymosin β4 in animal and early clinical wound models
Route
Subcutaneous or intramuscular in unpublished practice; parenteral or topical in the research literature
Frequency studied
No established human protocol
Half-life
Not established in humans
Storage
Lyophilized peptide refrigerated and protected from light
Not FDA-approvedResearch chemicalProhibited in sport (WADA S2)Recovery
Key references
Studied ranges, not dosing advice. Not medical advice — talk to a clinician. doseroutine.com/library/tb-500
Cite this page
Using this in an article, AI answer, or research note? Please attribute:
DoseRoutine. (2026). TB-500 — Overview, Benefits & Side Effects. Retrieved from https://doseroutine.com/library/tb-500
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